Epidemiologic Analysis of Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Shiraz, Iran from 2011 to 2013

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. With changes in demographic status, improvements in technology and introducing novel medical and surgical guidelines for management of TBI patients, regular evaluation of epidemiological profiles, injury severity classification, and outcomes are required.

Materials and Methods: A form was designed to record demographic data, trauma event history and TBI-related variables such as GCS, pupils, brain CT findings, vital signs, arterial blood gas results, and final GOSE after 6 months follow up.

From March 2010 till June 2012 all Patients with severe TBI admitted in Shahid Rajaee hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran was reviewed. Available data were filled within the mentioned forms and then transferred to SPSS 16 software for analysis.

Results: Of 681 patients with TBI who had GCS≤10, 98(14.4%) were female and 583(85.6%) were male. The most frequent mechanism of trauma was motor-vehicle accident (MVA)(65%) followed by pedestrian (17.3%), fall (12.3), and assault injuries (5%). Mean age (±SD) of our patients was 36.1(±18) years with 68% were young (≤40y), 17.6% Middle-aged (40-59), and 14.1% Old (≥60).Six-months GOSE score of these patients, which shows 80% of our patients, had favorable outcome (GOSE>4) with 41% full recovery (GOSE=7&8).

Conclusion: Shahid Rajaee trauma center which was one or the largest referral trauma centers in southern Iran has achieved similar favorable outcomes as other trauma centers worldwide which had presented their epidemiologic data.