Evaluation of Prognostic Factors in Patients with Moderate and Severe Traumatic Injury of Brain

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity among the young and middle aged. This study was conducted to evaluate the factors that affect the outcome of the patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive analysis study enrolled 460 patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, according to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, who were admitted in Shahid Bahonar Hospital of city of Kerman during one year (October 2009 to October 2010). Data collection tool was a checklist that includes level of conciseness, age, gender, type of trauma, level of arterial oxygen and arterial blood pressure. Level of conciseness was evaluated according to GCS score at the time of admission at emergency room and six and 12 hour after that.

Results: Age of patients was 10 ± 28.3 years (mean ± SD). Duration of admission was 15.4 ± 8.3 (mean ± SD) that had significant relationship with GOS (P= 0.0001). Sixty percents of patients had good outcome. GCS at the time of admission and 6 and 12 hour after that had significant relationship with GOS (P=0.005) but logistic regression analysis showed that only GCS of patients 12 hour after arrival had significant relationship with GOS (P=0.004).

Conclusion: GCS of the patients 12 hour after arrival is the most important prognostic factor in traumatic brain injury so data about GCS should be recorded meticulously to assess the outcome.