Role of granulocyte colony?stimulating factor in human reproduction

Abstract

As new research reveals, granulocyte colony?stimulating factor (G?CSF) plays an e?ective role in pregnancy success, considering that it not only a?ects the embryo implantation and ovarian function but also it promotes endometrial thickening and improves the pathophysiology of endometriosis, which all fundamentally lead to reducing pregnancy loss. In this review, we focus on the role of G?CSF in human reproduction. We summarized its role in ovulation, luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome, poor responders, improving repeated in vitro fertilization failure, endometrial receptivity and treatment of thin  endometrium, and recurrent spontaneous abortion.