Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995310202605231175011750EN20260520<p><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of platelet?rich plasma (PRP) versus granulocyte colony?stimulating factor in addressing recurrent implantation failure.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Fifty patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups:<br />PRP and granulocyte colony?stimulating factor (GCSF). All patients were followed up to 12 weeks after implantation. The rate of positive pregnancy tests (chemical pregnancy), implantation rate (clinical pregnancy), and pregnancy reaching 12 weeks old (ongoing<br />pregnancy) in these two groups was compared.</p><p><strong> Results:</strong> Biochemical pregnancy, gestational sac formation, fetal heart formation, and 12?week pregnancy occurred in 6 (24%), 6 (24%), 6 (24%), and 5 women (20%) in the PRP group and occurred in 7 women (28%), 5 women (20%), 5 women (20%), and 5 women (20%) in the GCSF group. There was no statistically significant difference  egarding biochemical pregnancy, gestational sac formation, fertile heart formation, and 12?week?old pregnancy between study groups (P = 0.747, 0.737, 0.737, and 1, espectively).</p><p><strong> Conclusion:</strong> Our study showed no difference in the efficacy of plasma?rich platelets and GCSFs in treating recurrent implantation failure.<br /><br /></p>http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/11750http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/11750/6522

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995310202605231174911749EN20260520<p><strong>Background:</strong> To estimate the frequency and characteristics of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a single diabetes center in Medina, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This was a cross?sectional study involving patients with T2DM aged 30–70 years with a disease duration of ?5 years, and who had not received insulin for at least 6 months post?T2DM diagnosis. Demographics, anthropometrics, utoantibodies to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies (GADA) and islet cell antibodies (ICA), serum C?peptide, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and lipid data were collected. LADA was diagnosed according to GADA and/or ICA positivity. Participants were classified into two groups: LADA and non?LADA. The clinical and biochemical characteristics of both groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 157 participants (mean age 50 years, 52.9% male) were enrolled, with 30 (19.1%) testing positive for GADA and/or ICA. Among them, 16 (10.2%) were positive for GADA alone, 9 (5.7%) tested positive for ICA alone, and 5 (3.2%) tested positive for both GADA and ICA. GADA was significantly more prevalent in younger individuals (30–49 years, P = 0.02) and males, who also had higher rates of dual autoantibodies compared to females (P = 0.03). LADA patients had a significantly shorter duration of diabetes, along with lower body mass index, C?peptide, and triglyceride levels, but exhibited higher HbA1c and greater insulin use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study reveals a high rate of LADA within this cohort of Saudi patients diagnosed with T2DM. LADA patients display some clinical and biochemical characteristics that set them apart from conventional T2DM cases. Screening for ??cell autoantibodies in individuals with these features could aid in earlier diagnosis of LADA and allow for more tailored treatment approaches.<br /><br /></p>http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/11749http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/11749/6520

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995310202605231174811748EN20260520<p><strong>Background:</strong> Poststroke dysphagia (PSD) affects nearly half of stroke survivors and impairs health?related quality of life. Nursing interventions increasingly integrate psychological support, yet their effectiveness remains unclear. This systematic review and<br />meta?analysis evaluated the impact of nursing strategies incorporating psychological support on QOL in PSD patients and examined the influence of intervention duration and type.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This review followed the Preferred Reporting<br />Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta?Analyses guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched up to August 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing nursing interventions with psychological components, such as counseling or education, cognitive behavioral therapy?informed strategies, relaxation or stress management, emotional support, and motivational interviewing, and reporting QOL outcomes were included. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were pooled using random?effects models. Subgroup analyses compared short (?4 weeks) versus longer (&gt;4 weeks) interventions and psychological?only versus combined approaches.</p><p><strong> Results:</strong> Nine RCTs involving 693 participants were included. Nursing interventions improved QOL compared with control conditions (SMD = 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48–1.41; P&lt;0.001), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 84.5%). Interventions lasting ?4 weeks showed larger effects (SMD = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.13–2.29) than longer interventions (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.32–1.31). Psychological?only interventions produced greater benefits (SMD = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.68–1.82) than combined approaches (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.20–1.43). No publication bias was detected (Egger’s test,<br />P = 0.79).</p><p><strong> Conclusion:</strong> Nursing interventions incorporating psychological support enhance QOL in PSD. Short?duration and psychological?only approaches appear most effective, supporting integration into stroke rehabilitation.<br /><br /></p>http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/11748http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/11748/6519

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995310202605231175111751EN20260520<p><strong>Background:</strong> There is insufficient evidence on the relationship between psychological distress and patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) who xperience angina symptoms despite having non?significant narrowing or normal coronary<br />arteries. Therefore, our aim is to evaluate the psychological distress status in patients with NOCAD.</p><p><strong> Materials and Methods</strong>: In this prospective cross?sectional study, patients with symptomatic angina scheduled for coronary angiography were screened and invited to participate, alongside a control group of non?symptomatic individuals. Symptomatic patients were categorized as having obstructive (OCAD) or NOCAD based on angiogram results. All participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess their psychological state and provided blood samples for stress biomarker analysis.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 124 subjects participated in this study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression (HADS score ?8) in patients with OCAD and NOCAD were 26.2% and 25%, respectively. The HADS anxiety (HADS–A) score was higher in both OCAD (P &lt; 0.001) and NOCAD (P = 0.001) patients compared to controls. In addition, the HADS depression score was higher in OCAD patients as compared to the control. Notably, the HADS–A score was associated with NOCAD (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.213 [1.029, 1.499]; P = 0.021). Furthermore, cortisol levels were higher in OCAD as compared to controls (P = 0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Higher anxiety scores indicate significant emotional distress in patients with NOCAD. Furthermore, anxiety shows a notable association with NOCAD in patients  resenting with angina.<br /><br /></p>http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/11751http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/11751/6523