The effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on anthropometric indices and food intake in patients experienced stroke; a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505The effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on anthropometric indices and food intake in patients experienced stroke; a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial1068110681EN20170722Background: Stroke as a devastating condition is a major cause of death worldwide and accountable for long time disability with high personal and social cost in adults. Metabolic syndrome and obesity are well known risk factors of coronary artery disease, stroke, and mortality. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an eight-carbon, sulfur-containing compound with antioxidant properties which reduces body weight, changes other anthropometric indices and regulate food intake by suppressing appetite and increasing metabolism This study was designed to evaluate the possible effects of ALA supplementation on anthropometric indices and dietary intake in patients with stroke. Methods: In this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, sixty-seven patients with stroke were randomly allocated to two groups (taking a 600 mg ALA supplement or placebo daily for 12 weeks). Weight, waist circumference, energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intake were meatured and body mass index was calculated before and after intervention in this study. Dietary intake and statistical analyses were carried out using N4 and SPSS16 software, respectively. Results: Primary features were similar in the intervention and placebo groups (p<0.05). After the intervention period, waist circumference (p<0.001), energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intake (p<0.001) decreased significantly in ALA group compared with placebo. While and no differences were observed in weight (p=0.26) and BMI (p=0.56) in ALA supplementation group compared with placebo. Conclusion: Results of this trial indicated that 12 weeks supplementation with 600 mg alpha-lipoic acid has beneficial effects on anthropometric indices (weight, body mass index, waist circumference) and food intake (energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat) ) in patients with stroke. http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10681http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10681/5473

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505Postpartum home care and its effects on mothers’ health, A clinical trial1068410684EN20170723Objective: Postpartum home care plays an important role in prevention of postpartum complications. Regular visits of mothers during this period are imperative. This study aimed to provide postpartum home care for mothers to assess its effects on mothers’ health in Iran. Methods: This study was carried out in two phases. First, a comprehensive postpartum home care program was complied by performing a comparative study, using the available guidelines in this regard in different countries and based on the opinions of the experts. Next, a clinical trial was carried out on 276 women who gave birth in the university hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. There were 92 mothers in the intervention and 184 in the control group. The intervention group mothers were provided with postpartum home care service while the control group did not receive such a service. Results: Outcome assessment at 60 days postpartum revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of use of supplements, birth control methods, postpartum depression, breast problems, constipation and fatigue (P<0.05). No significant differences were noted between the two groups with regard to hospitalization, hemorrhoids, backache and lumbar pain (P>0.05). Conclusion: The postpartum home care program had a positive effect on the health status of mothers and their satisfaction. Thus, provision of this service is recommended. http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10684http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10684/5474

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505Diverse pattern of gap junction beta?2 and gap junction beta?4 genes mutations and lack of contribution of DFNB21, DFNB24, DFNB29, and DFNB42 loci in autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss patients in Hormozgan, Iran1068710687EN20170722<table class="NormalTable"><tbody><tr><td width="550">Background: We aimed to determine the contribution of four DFNB loci and mutation analysis of gap junction beta?2 (GJB2) and GJB4 genes in autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) in South of Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 large ARNSHL pedigrees with at least two a?ected subjects were enrolled in the current study. Te GJB2 and GJB4 genes mutations were screened using direct sequencing method. Te GJB2 and GJB4 negative families were analyzed for the linkage to DFNB21, DFNB24, DFNB29, and DFNB42 loci by genotyping the corresponding STR markers using polymerase chain reaction?PAGE method. Results: We found a homozygous nonsense mutation W77X and a homozygous missense mutation C169W in 5.55% of studied families in GJB2 and GJB4 genes, respectively. Five heterozygous mutations including V63G, A78T, and R127H in GJB2 gene, and R103C and R227W in GJB4 gene were detected. We identifed two novel variations V63G in GJB2 and R227W in GJB4. In silico analysis predicted that both novel variations are deleterious mutations. We did not unveil any linkage between DFNB21, DFNB24, DFNB29, and DFNB42 loci and ARNSHL among studied families. Conclusion: Tis is the frst report of GJB2 and GJB4 mutations from Hormozgan population. According to the previous publications regarding GJB2 and GJB4 mutations, the distribution of the mutations is di?erent from other parts of Iran that should be considered in primary health?care programs. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the contribution of other loci in ARNSHL subjects in South of Iran. </td></tr></tbody></table> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10687http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10687/5475

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505Comprehensibility of selected USP pictograms by illiterate and literate Farsi speakers; the first experience in Iran- Part II1068510685EN20170722Background: Conveying information to patients on how to use medications at the dispensing sessions and retention of this information by the patients is essential to the good pharmaceutical care. Te aim of our study was to examine the comprehensibility of the selected three potentially usable pictograms by five groups of subjects who had different levels of literacy in both before and after mini educational sessions. Materials and Methods: Nine experienced pharmacists selected three potentially usable pictograms in Isfahan pharmacies: Pictograms D through F representing respectively: “do not take medication during pregnancy,” “keep medication in the refrigerator,” and “take medication with plenty of water.” Ten, raduate students of two major universities (Groups 1 and 2), low-literate nd illiterate individuals (Groups 3 and 4), and walk – in patients in the harmacies affiliated to the Isfahan School of Pharmacy (Group 5) were sked about the comprehensibility of these pictograms before and after mini-education sessions. Te American National Standard Institute and International Organization for Standardization standards were used for comparisons. Results: In the pre-follow-up period, D and E pictograms were most understandable (87.4%, 87.2%). In the post-follow-up, E and D pictograms were understood most (98.0%, 95.3%), followed by F (92.9%). Among the improvements measured in post-follow-up, pictogram F showed the biggest improvement (P = 0.0). Conclusion: Pictograms depicting the use of medications during pregnancy (D) and storing medication in the refrigerator (E) was easier to understand by our study population. Te groups with the high level of literacy interpreted the pictograms better than those with lower levels of literacy. <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10685http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10685/5476

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170822Procalcitonin levels and other biochemical parameters in patients with or without diabetic foot complications1070410704EN20170822Background: Diagnosis of infection in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is not always simple. The analytic precision of procalcitonin (PCT) was evaluated to clarify the use of PCT for distinguish the presence of infection in DFU in comparison to other inflammatory markers. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 88 subjects distributed into four groups: 16 nondiabetic healthy subjects (group control), 17 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without foot Complication (group DM), 25 patients with noninfected diabetic foot (group NIDF), and 30 patients with infected diabetic foot (group IDF). Fasting blood samples were taken for measurement of glucose, hemoglobin A1C, lipid profile, renal function, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) and its derivatives. Plasma PCT was determined using an enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay. Results: PCT, WBC, ESR, and neutrophils (NEU) were found significantly higher in IDF group than other groups. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that sensitivity, specificity, the best cutoff value, and the area under the curve were for ESR (100%, 93%, 31.5 mm/h, 1; P < 0.001), for PCT (87.5%, 86.7%, 66.55 pg/dl, 0.977; P < 0.001), for NEU (93.8%, 93.3%, 5.35, 0.957; P < 0.001) and for WBC (93.8%, 90%, 9.29 × 109/L, 0.942; P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study recommend that PCT can be an asymptomatic marker in the diagnosis of infection in DFU with higher Wagner grades in combination with different inflammatory markers.http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10704http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10704/5542

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505Identification a novel mononucleotide deletion mutation in GAA in pompe disease patients1068610686EN20170722Background: Mutations in the acid alpha?glucosidase (GAA) gene usually lead to reduced GAA activity. In this study, we analyzed the mutations of GAA and GAA enzyme activity from one sibling suspected Pompe disease and their frst?degree relatives. Materials and Methods: In this cross?sectional study, GAA enzyme activity assay was assessed using tandem mass spectrometry. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were performed for GAA analysis. Results: GAA enzyme activity was signifcantly decreased in patients compared to the normal range (P = 0.02). Two individuals showed ten alterations in the GAA sequence, in which one of them (c. 1650del G) has not been previously described in the literature. A single Guanine deletion (del?G) was detected at codon 551 in exon 12. Conclusion: According to the literature, the detected change is a novel mutation. We hypothesized that the discovered deletion in the GAA might lead to a reduced activity of the gene product. <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10686http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10686/5477

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505Scolicidal agents for protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst: Review of literature1068810688EN20170722Hydatid cyst is the larval stage of dog tape worm Echinococcus granulosus. Protoscolices are parasite larvae that develop into adult worms in the fnal host intestine. During surgical treatment of human hydatidsosis spillage of live protoscolices is the major cause of hydatidosis recurrence. To prevent this problem scolicidal agent such as hypertonic salt are used to kill the protoscolices that may disseminate into the patient’s tissues during surgery. However, they may have some unacceptable side e?ects. To fnd scolicidal agents with high efcacy, the e?ect of di?erent compounds on protoscolices of hydatid cyst in vitro has been reviewed. Using PubMed, <table class="NormalTable"><tbody><tr><td width="550">Scopus, Google Scholar, and SID databases articles about scolicidal e?ects of di?erent agents on protoscolices of hydatid cyst in vitro were collected. Foeniculum vulgare after 5 min, metalonic extracts of Allium sativum and hypertonic saline after 10 min, and warm water after 2 min kill all alive protoscolices. Te above agents that in minimum time and minimum concentration have 100% scolicidal activity, could be good candidates for further investigations. </td></tr></tbody></table> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10688http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10688/5478

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170505Periprocedural anticoagulation in transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Heparin vs bivalirudin1068210682EN20170722---http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10682http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10682/5479

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170705The convergence of considerations in aluminum phosphide poisoning: the occurrence of injuries beyond the metabolic manifestations1068310683EN20170722---http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10683http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10683/5512

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170822The aware, alert, avert strategy for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV/AIDS1070310703EN20170822---http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10703http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10703/5541

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199522820170828Retraction: Gastrointestinal dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinsonism: A narrative review1070610706EN20170828--- http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10706http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10706/5544