Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Thousand-year anniversary of the historical book: "Kitab al-Qanun fit-Tibb"-The canon of medicine, written by Abdullah ibn Sina87358735ENUniversity of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA;" lang="BS-LATN-BA">The Islamic scientific thought developed on the crossroads of the oldest civilizations, in the space of constant tensions and riots. The development of the Islamic golden civilization is marked with the religion Islam and the influence of the Hebrew, Helenistic, Persian, Christian and other traditions and cultures.<br /> The scientific contribution of the Islamic scholars is immense; from trigonometry and algebra to optics, chemistry, astronomy and other scientific disciplines. The Islamic scholastic philosophy revived the ancient greek philosophy and preserved the heritage of Aristotle and Plato for the European renaissance. One of the greatest names of the falasifa-helenistically inspired philosophy-was Abdullah Ibn sina (Avicenna, 980-1037).<br /> Ibn Sina, seen by some as a representative of pure aristotelism, by others as a neoplatonic, by the maority as an unique thinker whose spirit made it to the heights of geniality, a man whose books were burned by some khalifahs and banned by the Church, is mentioned in Dante's "Divine comedy" as one of the good people who did not know Christianity or were not Christians in the first circle of "Inferno" together with Aristotle, Plato, Heraclitus, Hipokrates and Averroes. His opus contains about three hundred works-46 on philosophical topics, 44 on medical, 81 works on astronomy and natural sciences and over 70 works on different religious topics.<br /> He gained glory with the work "Kitab al-Qanun fit-Tibb" (The Canon of Medicine) an enyclopaedia of medicine in five books, translated into Latin in the 13<sup>th</sup> century by Gerardo de Cremone. The Canon of Medicine was the medical authority up until the 17<sup>th </sup>century and was setting the standards for medicine in Europe and the Islamic world.<br /> "Al-Qanun fit-Tibb"-„The Canon of Medicine“, is a recapitulation of the medicine of that time. It was written in five books: Book I-General principles, Book II-Materia medica; Book III-Diseases of the individual organs; Book IV- General diseases; Book V-Formula for remedies. This work is very similar to the works of Avicenna's predecessors </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="BS-LATN-BA"> and </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ali Ibn Abbas Al-Majusi</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="BS-LATN-BA">, who presented the doctrine of Hippocrates, modified by Aristotle and Galen. Yet, the Canon was more systematic and logical than <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>other medical scriptures of that time, containing references of books of previous physicians, enriched and modified with Ibn Sina's own reflections. The Canon was translated into Latin and had 15 Latin editions. The Canon was the main textbook at the medical schools at Louvain and Montpellier till 1657. No medical book was studied to this amount in more then 600 years. I</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA;" lang="BS-LATN-BA">bn Sina started writing this work in 1012, exactly thousand years ago, and finished it in 1024. He</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> made the rules for experimenting and he was the first to conduct the modern scientific method. In this experimental method, the true genius of Ibn Sina’s originality could be seen; in it is his glory not only as a doctor, but as a philosopher, since many of his philosophical teaching came out from his scientific method.</span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; color: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA;" lang="BS-LATN-BA">Key words</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA;" lang="BS-LATN-BA">: </span></strong><span class="keywordmep"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Al-Qanun fit-Tibb, Ibn Sina</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; color: #999999; mso-ansi-language: BS-LATN-BA;" lang="BS-LATN-BA">, </span><span class="keywordmep"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Islamic scientific thought</span></span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8735http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8735/3784Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Diagnosis delay in smear positive tuberculosis patients87368736ENEpidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartmentof Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartmentof Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartmentof Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartmentof Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartmentof Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-GB">BACKGROUND</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is a major key for effective TB program. Evaluation of delay in diagnosis of smear positive TB is needed to evaluation of TB program situation in each country. The aim of this study was to evaluate of diagnosis delay in smear positive tuberculosis patients in Islamic Republic of Iran. </span></li><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> In this cross sectional study, all smear positive TB registered patients from 20 March 2009 to 20 March 2010 in Iran were assessed. </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">Diagnosis delay is defined as the time interval between the first presentations of TB symptoms to the TB confirmation. </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mann-Whitney test, chi-square and logistic regression was used to analysis.</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">RESULTS: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Diagnosis delay was 58 days in female and 53 days in male (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em>=0.004), 61 days in non-Iranian and 54 days in Iranian (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><0.001), 59 days in urban and 50 days in rural (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><0.001), 57 days in non-prisoner and 37 days in prisoner (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><0.001), 61 days in patients who chose private outpatients system and 52 days in patients who chose Public health outpatients system (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><0.001). 193 (9.4%) had 1-9 bacilli and 2132 (37.4%) were 3+ in sputum smear examination.</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Non-Iranian, urban, non-prisoner, old patients and the patients who chose private system are in risk of delay diagnosis of TB. Cooperation of private system through public-private mix model is an important key in successful national TB program (NTP).</span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Key words: </strong><span class="keywordmep">Diagnosis delay, public private mix</span><span style="color: #999999; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">, </span><span class="keywordmep">tuberculosis</span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8736http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8736/3785Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Is uric acid an indicator of metabolic syndrome in the first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes?87378737ENDepartment of Endocrinology, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Endocrinology, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Endocrinology, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Endocrinology, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Background:</strong> To determine whether uric acid levels are associated with the components of metabolic syndrome and whether uric acid is a significant factor for development of metabolic syndrome in the first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients as high risk group. </li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Materials and Methods: </strong>A total of 694 (182 male and 512 female, aged 30-69 years) first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients during 2007-2011 were enrolled. The height, weight, <a name="OLE_LINK41"></a><a name="OLE_LINK40"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK41;">waist </span></a>circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile and uric acid concentrations were <a name="OLE_LINK43"></a><a name="OLE_LINK42"><span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK43;">measured</span></a>. Metabolic syndrome was defined by NCEP-ATP III. </li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Results:</strong> Uric acid was associated with waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol level in both sexes (<em>r</em>=0.1-0.3, <em>P</em><0.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the fourth quartile of uric acid (64.4% of male and 60.2% of female population) was significantly more than those in the first (25.5% of male and 31.2% of female population) and second quartiles (33.3% of male and 32.0% of female population). The mean of uric acid in people with metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than in those without (6.6±1.2 mg/dL vs. 5.8±1.2 mg/dL; <em>P</em>=0.0001).The age-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of uric acid for metabolic syndrome in univariate analysis were [1.60 (1.23-2.07); <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em>=0.008] for men and [1.61 (1.34-1.92); <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em>=0.0001] for women but the effect of uric acid in multivariate logistic regression was not significant. </li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Conclusions: </strong>Uric acid is associated with majority of the metabolic syndrome components. People with metabolic syndrome have higher uric acid levels. However, uric acid probably is not an independent factor to predict the metabolic syndrome.</li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Key words:</strong><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;"> </span>Cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes</li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8737http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8737/3786Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Scolicidal effects of Squash (Corylus spp) seeds, Hazel (Curcurbia spp) nut and Garlic (Allium sativum) extracts on hydatid cyst protoscolices87388738ENDepartment of parasitology&mycology,faculty of medicine,Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Isfahan,Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Background</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Because there is no effective drug therapy for hydatid cyst yet, assessment and finding of some new agents especially from herbal origin with a desired scolicidal effect attracts great attention for treatment and pre-surgical use to prevent the hydatid cyst recurrence. Hazelnut, squash seeds and garlic chloroformic and hydro-alcoholic extracts’ scolicidal effects were examined.</span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Materials and Methods</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Suspension of protoscolices was obtained from infected liver and or lung of sheep and goats from Ziyaran abattoir. The chloroformic and hydro-alcoholic extracts from hazelnut, squash seeds and garlic were extracted using the succilate method. Scolicidal effect of each extract assessed in different concentrations and effected time using microscopy and 0.1% eosin solution stained only killed protoscolices.</span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Results</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Present study showed that garlic had more potent scolicidal effects among all the 3 plants and the chloroformic extract of garlic was the most potent protoscolicid among all of the extracts and killed 98% of protoscolices in 50 mg/ml on a minimum of 20 minutes of exposure.</span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Conclusion</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Garlic chloroformic extract is a safe and potent protoscolicid and might be used in hydatid cyst treatment and pre-surgery to prevent secondary cyst recurrence.</span></li><li><strong><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Keywords</span></strong><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chloroformic, cystic echinococcosis, extract, garlic, hazelnuts, hydro-alcoholic, protoscolicid effect</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> squash seed</span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8738http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8738/3751Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Is serum retinol binding protein-4 - a predictor for diabetes in genetically high risk population?87398739ENDepartments of Biochemistry, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Kolar Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaDepartments of Medicine, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Kolar Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">BACKGROUND:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Retinol binding protein-4 (BP-4) a new adipocytokine, specifically binds to retinol, through experimental studies, reported its link between obesity and insulin resistance (IR). But till date no studies are available on influence of genetic predisposition of diabetes on RBP-4 expression. Hence, we aimed to study the influence of genetic predisposition of diabetes on the serum RBP-4 and its role in development of IR and diabetes in genetically high risk population. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">MATERIALS AND METHODS:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Healthy non diabetic individuals (age 18 to 22) were grouped into Group I: control (<em>n</em> = 81), whose parents are non diabetic, non hypertensive and does not have any family history of coronary heart diseases. Group II: (<em>n</em> = 157) with one of their parents diabetic and Group III: (<em>n</em> = 47) with both parents diabetic. In all the participants, we estimated fasting serum RBP-4, insulin and glucose. Homeostasis model for assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model for assessment-beta cell dysfunction (HOMA-B) were calculated from fasting serum insulin and glucose levels. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">RESULTS:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> In this study, we observed significantly higher RBP-4 levels 12.71 </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">±</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> 2.3 in Group-II and 13.25 </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">±</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> 2 in Group-III, respectively when compared to Group-I 11.4 </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">±</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> 1.8 (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>< 0.01). RBP-4 showed a significantly strong positive correlation with plasma insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR in genetically high risk population (group II and III) <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em> < 0.01. Linear regression analysis revealed a strong positive association of RBP-4 with parental diabetes even after adjusting for BMI, age and sex (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.089-1.40). </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">CONCLUSION:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Higher serum RBP-4 and its positive correlation with Insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR in healthy non diabetic participants of genetically high risk population, indicating its role as predictor for the onset of diabetes in coming future.</span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Key words:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8739http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8739/3752Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Associations between high density lipoprotein mean particle size and serum paraoxonase-1 activity87408740ENDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranIsfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">BACKGROUND:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"> High density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are heterogeneous in composition, structure, size, and may differ in conferring protection against cardiovascular disease. HDL associated enzyme, paraoxonase-1 (PON1), has an important role in attenuation of atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between HDL particle size and PON1 activity in relation to serum HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">MATERIALS AND <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">METHODS:</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"> One hundred and forty healthy subjects contributed to this study. HDL was separated by sequential ultracentrifugation and its size was estimated by dynamic light scattering. Paraoxonase activity was measured spectrophotometrically using paraoxon as substrate. </span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">RESULTS: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Results of this study showed that PON1 activity had negative correlations with HDL mean particle size<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </em>(<em>r </em>= −0.22, <em>P </em>< 0.01), HDL<sub>2</sub>/HDL<sub>3</sub> ratio, and serum HDL-C levels (<em>r </em>= −0<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.</em>25,<em> P </em>< 0<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.</em>01). HDL mean particle size and HDL<sub>2</sub>/HDL<sub>3</sub> ratio had negative correlation with body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR), and serum triglyceride (TG) levels, and positive correlation with serum HDL-C levels. Serum HDL-C levels had significant positive correlations with age, total cholesterol (TC), and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and significant negative correlation with BMI, WHR, and TG. </span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">CONCLUSION:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"> Based on the results of this study, determination of HDL mean particle size beside the serum PON1 activity may help to better understand the CAD risks, pathogenesis, and prognosis, and may also help to design therapeutic protocols toward beneficial modifications of HDL characteristics.</span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Key words: </strong><span class="keywordmep">Dynamic light scattering</span><span style="color: #999999;">, </span><span class="keywordmep">HDL size</span><span style="color: #999999;">, </span><span class="keywordmep">HDL-C</span><span style="color: #999999;">, </span><span class="keywordmep">PON1 activity</span><span style="color: #999999;">, 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mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif] -->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8740http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8740/3753Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Comparative effect of bisoprolol and losartan in the treatment of essential hypertension87418741ENLaboratory of Radiation and Environmental Protection, VinÄa Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Cardiology, Neurocardiology Laboratory, Clinical Hospital Centre “Bežanijska Kosaâ€, Belgrade, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, SerbiaLaboratory of Radiation and Environmental Protection, VinÄa Institute of Nuclear Sciences, SerbiaDepartment of Microelectronics and Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Physics, University of Belgrade, SerbiaLaboratory of Radiation and Environmental Protection, VinÄa Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Serbia20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=" " /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Objective:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; color: red;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">We investigated the effects of<span style="color: red;"> </span>bisoprolol and losartan on subjects with essential hypertension, by conducting heart rate variability (HRV) analysis of ECG signals. Our intention was to establish the set of linear and nonlinear heart rate variability parameters, which could be used as a noninvasive markers in the treatment of hypertension. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Methods:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; color: red;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Sixty subjects with essential hypertension included in this study were divided in two groups. During the four weeks<span style="color: red;"> </span>medical treatment, the first group was administered with daily oral dose of 5 mg of bisoprolol<span style="color: red;"> </span>and the second with daily oral dose of 50 mg of losartan. We recorded ECG signals, and performed HRV analysis of consecutive RR time intervals, before and after a month of pharmacological therapy. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; color: red;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">In the case of bisoprolol, statistically the most significant changes of HRV parameters were: TP (1814.1±1731.3<span style="color: red;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ms<sup>2</sup> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">vs. 761.3±725.0</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ms<sup><span style="color: red;">2</span></sup>, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: red; text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em><span style="color: red;"><</span>0<span style="color: red;">.</span>0001)</span>, RR (870.2±105.7 ms vs. 1027.2±150.0 ms<span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em><</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">0<span style="color: red;">.</span>0001</span>), HR (70.81±8.42 bp/min vs. 60.10±9.52 bp/min<span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em><</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">0<span style="color: red;">.</span>0001</span>). In the case of losartan, the most significant changes were: <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">SDNN</span> (43.16±17.27<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> ms vs. 237.98±118.54 ms<span style="color: red;">,</span></span><span style="color: red;"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em>=</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">0<span style="color: red;">.</span>002), rmSDD (27.09±18.27 ms vs. 46.82±37.71 ms<span style="color: red;">, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em>=</span>0<span style="color: red;">.</span>003), SD2 (55.18±20.6 vs. 70.67±26.12, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: red; text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em><span style="color: red;"><</span>0<span style="color: red;">.</span>019) and DF2 (0.69±0.21 vs. 0.86±0.25, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: red; text-transform: uppercase;">p</span></em><span style="color: red;"><</span>0<span style="color: red;">.</span>014). </span></span></li><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Conclusion:</strong><span style="color: red;"> </span>Effects of bisoprolol and losartan were especially manifested among the set of linear HRV parameters. <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">As a consequence of effect of losartan, we </span>singled out the <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">nonlinear parameters </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">SD2 and DF2.</span></span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR;" lang="SR">Key words:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: SR;" lang="SR"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Bisoprolol</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">, heart rate variability, hypertension losartan</span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" 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of bone loss in Diabetic Postmenopausal Women87428742ENDepartment of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranRheumatology, Baghiyatollah University of Medical Sciences, IranCommunity Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> 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</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong>Background</strong>: Osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus are major and growing public health problems particularly among postmenopausal women. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis and osteopenia with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in postmenopausal women.</li><li><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> In a cross sectional study, we compared 200 diabetic postmenopausal women with 400 non-diabetic postmenopausal women over the age of 60 years. Age, Body Mass Index (BMI), T score of the lumbar vertebra (L2-L4) and femoral neck were measured with Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and were compared between the two groups. Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) was also measured in patients with type 2 DM and its relationship with osteoporosis was studied. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and Independent T-test was used for analyzing the data. The statistical significance was set at a P value of 0.05 or lower.</li><li><strong>Results</strong>: Mean, SD ages were 65.23±4.80 vs. 66.91±5.78 years and BMI were 28.94±4.06 vs. 31.65±4.42 kg/m2 in non-diabetic and diabetic groups, respectively. Lumber T scores was -2.10±1.08 vs.-2.16±1.27 (P=0.60), femoral neck T-score was -0.72±1.00 vs. -1.09±0.96 (P=0.00) in non-diabetic and diabetic groups, respectively. There was a significant difference in femoral neck T score between the diabetic and non-diabetic group (P=0.00). In diabetic women, bone loss was more common in those with HbA1C ≥7 compare to those with HbA1C <7 (P=0.006). </li><li><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Osteopenia and osteoporosis is more common in diabetic postmenopausal women compare to the non-diabetic postmenopausal women.</li><li><strong>Key words:</strong> Diabetes mellitus, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal women</li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8742http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8742/3755Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104The effect of allopurinol on lowering blood pressure in hemodialysis patients with hyperuricemia87438743ENDepartments of Nephrology of Imam Hossein Hospital of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranInternal Medicine, Military hospital of Orumiyeh, Orumiyeh, IranTaleghani hospital of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSocial Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, IranVali-e-Asr hospital of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Background:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> Hyperuricemia has been associated with the development of high blood pressure (BP). We studied the effects of allopurinol therapy in hyperuricemic hemodialysis (HD) patients with high BP. </span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">This single-blind, randomized cross-over clinical study involved 55 HD patients with serum uric acid level >6.5(men) and >5.5mg/dL(women). They were randomly divided in two groups, each of which went through two phases. Group-1 in phase-1 received 100 mg/day orally of allopurinol for three months; while Group-2 was given whatever medication they received prior to the study. After two months of washing period, the groups were crossed-over. The BP levels were measured before and after HD during the eight months study period. </span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> Fifty-three patients completed the study (33 men and 20 women, with mean age of 55.8 years). Uric acid levels decreased significantly during the12 weeks of allopurinol therapy (7.71±1.53 to 5.2±1.2 <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em>< 0.005). Overall, after the 12 weeks of allopurinol therapy, systolic and diastolic BP also significantly decreased in allopurinol group, 15.8% (139 to 117, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><0.0005) and 8.6% (81 to 74, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em><.0005), respectively. There were not significant changes in body mass index, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin, liver enzymes and serum electrolytes level after treatment. Patients treated with allopurinol had a significant increase in the quality of dialysis (KT/V) (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em>: 0.043). </span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">In HD patients, allopurinol treatment reduced BP. The results indicate a new potential therapeutic approach for controlling BP in HD patients.</span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "AdvPTimesI","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvPTimesI; color: black;">Key words: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Allopurinol, end stage renal disease (ESRD), high blood pressure, Uric acid</span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8743http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8743/3756Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Procalcitonin: Is it a predictor of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation necessity in acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation?87448744ENDepartments of Pulmonary Diseases, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, TurkeyDepartments of Pulmonary Diseases, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, TurkeyDepartments of Pulmonary Diseases, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, TurkeyBiochemistry, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, TurkeyBiostatistics, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, TurkeyDepartments of Pulmonary Diseases, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, TurkeyAtaturk Chest Disease and Surgery Education and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;" lang="EN-AU">Background</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AeCOPD) are important causes of morbidity and mortality. In this study, we analyzed procalcitonin (PCT) levels in AeCOPD and stable period of COPD in order to evaluate usage of PCT in the prediction of the severity of AeCOPD, and<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> its value on the planing of </span>noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">NPPV). </span></span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Materials and</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">In this cross sectional study (2009-</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2010<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">) </span>118 COPD patients were enrolled, 68 of them (58%) were in acute exacerbations (case group). The others had stabile COPD and they were defined as control group. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> In case group the mean levels of PCT (0.19±0.02) C-Reactive Protein (44.7±5.92), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (28.4±2.65), white blood cell (9.4±0.43) and %neutrophils (69.9±1.22) were significantly higher than controls (P=0.0001). There was no difference between PCT levels based on stages of COPD. There were significiant differences in mean PCT levels according to type and severity of AeCOPD. Mean PCT level in hospitalized patients receiving NPPV was 0.36 ng/ml, while it was 0.15 ng/ml for those treated without NPPV (P=0.0001). PCT cut-off value for NPPV indication was determined to be 0.10 ng/ml. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: JA;">Conclusions:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: JA;"> PCT levels were found to be higher in AeCOPD patients than in stable COPD patients, as expected. Also mean PCT levels increased especially in cases with severe AeCOPD and those receiving NPPV among them. In the present study, we determined a cut off value of PCT as 0.10 ng/ml as a predictor of necessity of NPPV in AeCOPD. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Key words:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Acute exacerbation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, procalcitonin, noninvasive positive pressure treatment</span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> 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School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Background</span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">: Vitamin D deficiency is a prevalent condition in many countries .The aim of this study is to elucidate whether deficient vitamin D status is associated with coronary artery disease considering cardiovascular risk factors.</span></li><li><strong><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Materials and </span></strong><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Methods</span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">: We measured 25 (OH) D serum levels in 57 patients that were diagnosed with coronary artery disease upon coronary angiography and 62 individuals in the control group who were matched for age and sex with the patients and examined the association between serum 25(OH)D and coronary artery disease with regard to other cardiovascular risk factors.</span></li><li><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Results</span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">: The odds ratio of being affected by coronary artery disease in individuals with vitamin D deficiency(25 (OH) D<30 ng/ml) was 5.8(1.77-18.94) after adjustment with other cardiovascular risk factors, ie, blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, physical activity and high blood cholesterol in comparison with the control group .</span></li><li><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Conclusion</span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">: </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Low levels of 25(OH)D are associated with prevalent</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; 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mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif] -->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8745http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8745/3758Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Prediction of Functional Outcome in Patients with Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage by clinical-computed tomographic correlations87468746ENDepartments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaDepartments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaDepartments of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaDepartments of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaDepartments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaDepartments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Background</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">:</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH) remains the deadliest and most disabling form of stroke.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> The aim of our study was to determine the potential predictors for survival and neurological recovery in </span>PICH<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> patients by clinical-computed tomographic (CT) correlation.</span></span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A<strong> </strong></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">prospective study<strong> </strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">conducted among </span>PICH<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> patients at a tertiary care hospital. The clinical and CT scan findings were correlated with the functional outcome using modified Rankin scores </span>(mRS) <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">of 0-5 at discharge and during six months follow-up.</span></span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Results</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The clinical and CT findings in 160 (93 male and 67 female) eligible adult patients with age range from 25 to 85 years (mean age 58.30 ± 11.44 years) were analyzed.</span> The mean Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score was significantly higher among survivors. (12.8 ± 0.4 vs. 8.5 ± 0.5, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">p</em> < 0.001) Based upon the pattern of the CT findings, the best outcome in terms of survival was for the patients <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">with ICH in</span> basal ganglia / internal capsule region (86.7 %), followed by lobar hemorrhage (67.1%). <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Good functional outcome was associated with a hematoma volume of less than 30 </span>ml<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. At discharge majority of the survivors were functionally dependent 76 (70.4%) and only</span> 32 (29.6%) achieved functional independence. The significant independent predictors of in- hospital survival were </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">GCS score > 9 </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(OR </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">10.8</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">; 95% CI </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">4.061</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> to </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">28.719</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">)</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">, basal ganglia</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">/internal capsule bleed (OR </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">9.750</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">; 95% CI </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">2.122</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> to </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">45.004</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">), hematoma volume < 30ml (OR </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">11.476</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">; 95% CI 4. 810 to </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: 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Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">2.405 </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">to </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">9.987</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">) and no intraventricular extension of hemorrhage (OR </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">7.040</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">; 95% CI </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;" lang="EN-MY">3.358</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> to 14.458). </span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Conclusion:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> Outcome and functional status at discharge were well correlated with the initial CT scan findings and GCS</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> score.</span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 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mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif] -->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8746http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8746/3759Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Investigation of pregnancy outcome and ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome prevention in agonist and antagonist gonadotropin-releasing hormone protocol87478747ENAssociate professor of obstetrics and Gynecology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, school of medicine, Isfahan University of medical sciences,Isfahan, IranResident of obstetrics and Gynecology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, school of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Given the controversies regarding the effectiveness of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists in ovarian stimulation, this study was designed to compare GnRH agonist protocol with GnRH antagonist protocol in ovarian stimulation of patients who were candidate for assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Materials and <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Methods: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">This investigation was performed on 136 patients who were randomly allocated to two groups of GnRH agonist and GnRH antagonist. In the first group stimulation was performed by administration of Buserelin, and in the second group, it was performed by giving Cetrorelix. Then patients were compared regarding results of ovarian stimulation, pregnancy outcomes and rate of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS). </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">There were not significant differences between 2 groups regarding the ovarian stimulation, pregnancy outcomes and rate of OHSS (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em> value> 0.05). </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Administration of GnRH antagonists in ovarian stimulation will be a reasonable option to GnRH agonists<strong> </strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">in assessment reproduction treatment</span>; however, further studies are suggested.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Key words: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Assisted reproductive techniques, GnRH antagonist, GnRH agonist, ovarian hyper 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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif] -->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8747http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8747/3760Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Development and validation of a postpartum depression risk score in delivered women, Iran87488748ENDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistice, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> 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This study is designed to develop a relatively simple screening tool and validate it from the significant variables associated with postpartum depression (PPD) to detect delivered women at high risk of having PPD.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> In the cross-sectional study, 6,627 from a total of 7,300 delivered women, 2-12 months after delivery were recruited and screened for PPD. Split-half validation was used to develop the risk score. The training data set was used to develop the model, and the validation data set was used to validate the developed the risk factors of postpartum depression risk score using multiple logistic regression analysis to compute the β coefficients and odds ratio (OR) for the dependent variables associated with possible PPD in this study. Calibration was checked using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test. A score for independent variables contributing to PPD was calculated. Cutoff points using a trade-off between the sensitivity and specificity of risk scores derived from PPD model using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>RESULTS</strong>: The predicted and observed PPD were not different (P-value = 0.885). The aROC with area under the curve (S.E.) of 0.611 (0.008) for predicting PPD using the suggested cut-off point of -0.702, the proportion of participants screening positive for PPD was 70.9% (sensitivity) (CI 95%; 69.5, 72.3) while the proportion screening negative was 60.1% (specificity) (CI 95%; 58.2, 62.1).</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CONCLUSION</strong>: Despite of the relatively low sensitivity and specificity in this study, it could be a simple, practical and useful screening tool to identify individual at high risk for PPD in the target population.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: Postpartum depression, risk score, validation</p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8748http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8748/3761Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104An investigation on the effect of strength and endurance training on depression, anxiety, and C - reactive protein's inflammatory biomarker changes87498749ENDepartments of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University of Majlesi Branch, Isfahan, IranPhysical Education, Islamic Azad University of Mobarakeh Branch, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IranOrganization of Education, Isfahan, IranNosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran20121104<!--[if !mso]> <style>
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</style> <![endif]--> <ul><li><strong>Introduction: </strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;">This study is performed to investigate the effect of strength and endurance training on the levels of depression, anxiety, and C-reactive proteins inflammatory biomarker changes.</span></li><li><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong><strong><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;"> </span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;">The research method was experimental, and the statistical population is formed of 300 volunteer male students. After the pre-test, 120 subjects with notable depression and anxiety levels obtained from</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Lotus"; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> Beacke and Ketel‘s questionnaires</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> were selected and randomly divided into two groups of strength and endurance, each containing 60 subjects, and then, again into two groups of experimental and control, each with 30 subjects. All 120 subjects were blood-sampled in the first stage to determine CRP concentration. After 20 sessions of strength and endurance exercises again depression, anxiety, and C-reactive proteins </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Lotus"; mso-bidi-language: FA;">testes were used for both control and experimental groups. Ultimately, the obtained data were analyzed by using t-test in dependent and independent groups and covariance analysis in <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em> <span style="position: relative; top: 2.0pt; mso-text-raise: -2.0pt;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;">0.05 level.</span><strong></strong></li><li><strong>Results: </strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;">The results showed that the average of age is 25.1±3.2, average of weight is 70.4±8.4 and average of height is 169.8±12.1, in the subjects. Also, the strength and endurance training had reduced the anxiety by 27% (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em> =.0001), depression by 37% (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em> =.0001) and C-reactive proteins by 20% (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P</em> =.0001), in the subjects.</span></li><li><strong>Discussion:</strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> Regarding the different effects of training types on research variables, the results showed that the endurance training has a greater effect in reducing the depression, and strength training, in blood C-reactive proteins reduction, Although, no significant difference was observed between anxiety-reducing effects of strength and endurance training. </span></li><li><strong><span style="mso-bidi-language: FA;">Key Words:</span></strong><strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> </span></strong><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8749http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8749/3762Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Fraud and deceit in medical research87508750ENDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 ONN, EnglandDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury SP2 8BJ, England20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;" lang="EN-GB">Publication of medical research is the cornerstone for the propagation and dissemination of medical knowledge, culminating in significant effects on the health of the world’s population. However, instances of individuals and institutions subverting the ethos of honesty and integrity on which medical research is built in order to advance personal ambitions have been well documented.<br /> Many definitions to describe this unethical behaviour have been postulated although the most descriptive is the ‘FFP’ (fabrication, falsification and plagiarism) model put forward by the United States’ Office of Research Integrity. Research misconduct has many ramifications of which the world’s media is all to keen to demonstrate. Many high profile cases the world over have demonstrated this lack of ethics when performing medical research. Many esteemed professionals and highly regarded world institutions have succumbed to the ambitions of a few, who for personal gains, have behaved unethically in pursuit of their own ideals. Although institutions have been set up to directly confront these issues, it would appear that a lot more is still required on the part of journals and their editors to combat this behavioural pattern. Individuals starting out at very junior positions in medical research ought to be taught the basics of medical research ethics so that populations are not failed by the very people they are turning to for assistance at times of need.<br /> This article provides a review of many of the issues of research misconduct and allows the reader to reflect and think through their own experiences of research. This hopefully will allow individuals to start asking questions on, what is an often, a poorly discussed topic in medical research.</span></li><li><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" 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Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Synovial sarcoma of the mandible87528752ENDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a relatively common soft tissue tumor but only 6%–7% of cases are diagnosed in the head and neck region. It typically occurs in young adults and is slightly more common in males. The most common sites in the head and neck region are hypopharynx and parapharyngeal spaces. However, SS can also occur in tonsils, tongue, and orofacial soft tissues. It is not difficult to diagnose SS microscopically with its classic biphasic appearance, but the diagnosis of monophasic forms is more challenging especially in unusual locations. In this article, we report a rare case of monophasic SS of the mandible. The clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features are discussed and compared with previously reported cases in the literature. To our knowledge, only six primary involvements have been reported in the jaws. Therefore, our case represents the seventh reported case of SS in the area.</span></li><li><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">Keywords</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">Immunohistochemistry, jaw lesion, mandible, mouth neoplasm, synovial sarcoma</span></li></ul> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:DoNotShowRevisions /> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions /> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions /> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges /> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8752http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8752/3764Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Rapid improvement of Henoch–Schonlein purpura associated with the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection87538753ENDepartment of Internal Medicine, Harran University School of Medicine, Sanlıurfa, TurkeyIgdir Training and Research Hospital, Igdir, TurkeyDicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, TurkeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Harran University School of Medicine, Sanlıurfa, TurkeyGaziantep University School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Gaziantep, Turkey20121104<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Helicobacter pylori (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">H. pylori</em>) are one of the most common bacterial infections, seen in humans, worldwide and their possible relationships to different diseases are a focus of attention nowadays. <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">H. pylori</em> may cause some extra intestinal manifestations some of which are </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: TR;">dermatological conditions, including Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">We describe a 49-year-old man who presented with HSP triggered by gastric </span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">H. pylori</em> <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">infection. Treatment of <em>H. Pylori</em> infection was accompanied by prompt resolution of the gastrointestinal manifestations and purpuric rashes. </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: TR;">These findings suggest a causative role for </span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;">H. pylori</span></em><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-language: TR;"> in the occurrence of HSP. </span></li><li><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 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</style> <![endif]-->http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8753http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8753/3765Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Bisphenol A in "BPA free" baby feeding bottles87548754ENFood hygiene and safety, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, IranResearch center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, IranEnvironment Research Center AND Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, IranUniversity of Isfahan. Isfahan, Iran20121104-http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8754http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8754/3766Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995171120121104Perspective in future pharmaceutical approach to sulfur mustard lung injuries87558755ENDepartment of Chemical injury research center, Baqiyatallah University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Chemical injury research center, Baqiyatallah University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Chemical injury research center, Baqiyatallah University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.20121104-http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/8755http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/8755/3767