Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-1995231201802031074410744EN20180131<span class="fontstyle0">Background: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Postoperative bleeding is a common problem in cardiac surgery. We tried to evaluate the e?ect of topical tranexamic acid (TA) on reducing postoperative bleeding of patients undergoing on?pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. </span><span class="fontstyle0">Materials and Methods: </span><span class="fontstyle2">One hundred and twenty?six isolated primary CABG patients were included in this clinical trial. Tey were divided blindly into two groups; Group 1, patients receiving 1 g TA diluted in 100 ml normal saline poured into mediastinal cavity before closing the chest and Group 2, patients receiving 100 ml normal saline at the end of operation. First 24 and 48 h chest tube drainage, hemoglobin decrease and packed RBC transfusion needs were compared. </span><span class="fontstyle0">Results: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Both groups were the same in baseline characteristics including gender, age, body mass index, ejection fraction, clamp time, bypass time, and  operation length. During the frst 24 h postoperatively, mean chest tube  drainage in intervention group was 567 ml compared to 564 ml in control<br />group (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.89). Mean total chest tube drainage was 780 ml in  intervention group and 715 ml in control group (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.27). Tere was no signifcant di?erence in both mean hemoglobin decrease (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.26) and packed RBC transfusion (</span><span class="fontstyle3">P </span><span class="fontstyle2">= 0.7). Topical application of 1 g TA diluted in 100 ml normal saline does not reduce postoperative bleeding of isolated on?pump CABG surgery. </span><span class="fontstyle0">Conclusion: </span><span class="fontstyle2">We do not recommend topical usage of 1 g TA diluted in 100 ml normal saline for decreasing blood loss in on?pump CABG patients.</span><span class="fontstyle0"> </span> <br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/view/10744http://jrms.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrms/article/download/10744/5590