Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199516820110815Genetic association of TNF-α-308 G/A and -863 C/A polymorphisms with late onset Alzheimer’s disease in Azeri Turk population of Iran68776877ENSeiied MojtabaMohaddes ArdebiliAssociate Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. mohaddesmo@yahoo.comTarlanYeghanehJalalGharesouranMaryamRezazadehMehdiFarhoudiHormozAyromlouMahnazTalebiMortezaGhojazadeh2011030120110811BACKGROUND: Recent findings suggest that production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF- α), is increased in the brain tissue of patients suffering late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) and play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Several epidemiological studies also suggest that patients taking anti-inflammatory drugs have a decreased risk of developing AD. TNF- α is an important pro inflammatory cytokine that is unregulated in Alzheimer’s patients. Functional polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) can affect immune response, inflammation, tissue injury and possibly the susceptibility to Alzheimer disease (AD).MٍETHODS: We used the polymorphic DNA markers (-308G/A) and (-863C/A) to study the association of TNF-α gene mutations with Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) and the relation between clinical features and genotypes in affected individuals. A total of 160 patient samples and 163 healthy controls from west northern Iran (Eastern Azerbaijan) were genotyped for the two polymorphisms by the PCR-RFLP method and genotype frequencies were statistically determinedRESULTS: Our data showed significant difference in TNF-α-308 G/A genotype and pro inflammatory cytokine allele frequencies between the Alzheimer disease patients and healthy subjects. Contrary to that, no significant difference was observed in TNF-α-863 C/A genotype and allele frequencies between these two groupsCONCLUSIONS:  TNF-α-308 G/A gene polymorphism could affect cerebral inflammatory response and the risk of late-onset Alzheimer disease but -863C/A polymorphism does not influence the risk of this disease and this possible association between TNF-α -308G/A and -863C/A gene polymorphisms have to be further elucidated in larger case control studiesKEYWORDS: Alzheimer, TNF- α, Polymorphism, PCR-RFLP, β-Amyloid, -308G/A, -863C/A