Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199515120090908Textiloma, migration of retained long gauze from abdominal cavity to intestine5457ENHojjatMolaei GovarjinMohsenTalebianfarFarinazFattahiMohammad EsmaeilAkbariProfessor of surgical oncology , Shahid Beheshty University(M.C.). info@crc.ir200903172009071420090713Retaining of gauzes and surgical sponges in the abdomen is one of the most frequent medical errors usually manifesting as abscess or abdomino-cutaneus fistulas with no definite symptoms during lifetime. Here, we introduce a 35 year old woman with symptoms and signs of partial bowel obstruction and enterocutaneous fistulas caused by migration of retained gauze from abdominal cavity to terminal ileum, 9 months after cesarean section. This is called “Textiloma”. There are several reports of gossypiboma worldwide but migration of retained gauze into intestine causing an enterocutaneous fistula is rare.KEYWORDS: Surgical Error, Retained Surgical Towel, Gossypiboma, Foreign Body.