Journal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-199511620061228Prevalence and severity of anemia in pediatric hemodialysis patients, a single center study400405ENAfshinAzhirDepartment of Pediatrics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.. azhir@med.mui.ac.irJafarNasiriAlalehGheisari2006071620060829BACKGROUNDS: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and severity of anemia in children and adolescents on chronic hemodialysis, and to identify independent predictors of anemia in children on hemodialysis. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed between September 2005 and January 2006. The study population consisted of 25 patients aged 7−20 years on chronic hemodialysis from pediatric hemodialysis centers in Isfahan. RESULTS: A total of 22 (88%) patients had hemoglobin levels of 400 pg/ml in 9 patients (37. 5%). There was a reverse correlation between intact PTH level >200 pg/ml and hemoglobin level (r = -0.505, P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of anemia in hemodialysis children in Isfahan appears to be higher than that reported in the other studies in spite of extensive use of rHuEPO and iron supplementation. We found this to be especially true for patients new on hemodialysis (less than 6 months) and in those with low albumin and severe hyperparathyroidism. KEY WORDS: Hemodialysis, anemia, children.